基于区域海洋环流潮汐模式的渤海海冰数值模型

Bohai Sea Ice Numerical Model based on Oceanic Regional Circulation and Tidal Model

  • 摘要: 基于区域海洋环流潮汐模式(Oceanic Regional Circulation and Tidal Model, ORCTM)及其冰-海耦合模块,综合考虑海冰生消的动力和热力学过程,建立了渤海海冰数值模型。首先,对正压潮及海表面温度的模拟结果进行评估,验证了模型的可靠性。其次,针对3个关键海冰热力学参数开展敏感性试验,揭示了临界冰厚对新生冰密集度的影响,海冰面积随临界冰厚变小而增大,渤海临界冰厚最佳值为0.1 m;发现感热通量系数及潜热通量系数对“海-气”和“气-冰”界面的热通量有显著影响;结合前人研究在模型中建立了渤海盐度和冰点的关系。最后,采用优化后的模型参数配置,以日本气象厅JRA55-TL319再分析数据为气象强迫,模拟了2009/2010年冬季渤海典型海冰过程,结果显示模拟的海冰覆盖范围与同期卫星遥感数据相一致,表明所建立的海冰数值模型能够重现渤海海冰生消演化过程,可用于渤海海冰中长期数值模拟。

     

    Abstract: Based on the Oceanic Regional Circulation and Tidal Model (ORCTM) and its ice-sea coupling module, this paper establishes a numerical model of sea ice in the Bohai Sea by comprehensively considering the dynamic and thermodynamic processes of sea ice generation and elimination. Firstly, the simulation results of barotropic tide and sea surface temperature are evaluated to verify the reliability of the model. Secondly, sensitivity experiments are carried out with three key sea ice thermodynamic parameters, revealing the effect of critical ice thickness on the density of nascent ice. The sea ice area increases as critical ice thickness decreases, and the optimal value of critical ice thickness for the Bohai Sea is 0.1 m. Significant effects of sensible and latent heat flux coefficients on the heat fluxes at the sea-air and air-ice interfaces are found. The relationship between salinity and freezing point in the Bohai Sea is modeled in conjunction with previous studies. Finally, a typical sea ice process in the Bohai Sea in the winter of 2009/2010 is simulated using adjusted model parameter configuration and the Japan Meteorological Agency JRA55-TL319 reanalysis data as meteorological forcing. The results show that the simulated sea ice coverage is consistent with satellite remote sensing data in the same period, indicating that the established sea ice numerical model can well reproduce the evolution of the Bohai sea ice generation and elimination, and can be used in the medium- and long-term numerical simulation of the Bohai Sea ice.

     

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