Abstract: This study analyzed water and sediment samples collected from Laizhou Bay during the dry season (May) and wet season (August) of 2022 using metagenomic sequencing technology, to explore the seasonal distribution characteristics and influencing factors of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). A total of 19,534 sequences belonging to 311 ARG subtypes were identified, covering 28 classes of antibiotics including Elfamycin, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides. In terms of the number of detected ARG subtypes, the ranking was wet season water＞dry season water＞dry season sediment＞wet season sediment. As for the relative abundance of ARGs, the order was wet season sediment＞dry season sediment＞wet season water＞dry season water. The distribution of ARGs was significantly correlated with multiple environmental factors such as pH and salinity. Moreover, some ARGs showed significant correlations with mobile genetic elements (MGEs) including plasmids, integrons and insertion sequences (IS), and such correlations varied across seasons. Further analysis on metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) indicated that ARG hosts in water were mainly affiliated with Pseudomonadota and Bacteroidota, while those in sediments primarily belonged to Pseudomonadota and Desulfobacterota. The findings on seasonal distribution of ARGs in this study can provide scientific data for environmental management and ecological risk assessment in this region.