Abstract: The Order Prorocentrales represents a significant taxonomic group within marine phytoplankton, with some species being common causative species of harmful algal blooms. Current research on this group has mainly focused on its growth characteristics, taxonomic identification, and metabolic products. However, a major issue in related studies is the unstandardized use of Chinese names for Prorocentrales species, including the absence of Chinese names, inconsistent naming practices, and a lack of scientific rationale for certain designations. To promote academic communication and the accurate use of Chinese names, this study systematically reviewed and standardized the Chinese nomenclature for this order. Based on the valid Latin names listed in AlgaeBase and relevant studies, we followed the established naming principles, considered the Chinese paraphrases of Latin names, and incorporated morphological traits to correct the present nomenclature system. The results show that the order Prorocentrales comprises 93 species worldwide, belonging to 2 families and 7 genera. Among these, only 14 species (15% of the total number of species) possessed unique Chinese names, which were retained in the present study. For 4 species (4% of the total number of species) with multiple names, we proposed more suitable Chinese names through systematic evaluation and comprehensive identification (morphology, physiology and literature). For the remaining 75 species (81% of the total number of species) which previously lacked Chinese names, suitable names were proposed based on the etymological tracing and morphological descriptions from their original publications. This work provides a comprehensive reference for standardizing the Chinese nomenclature of Prorocentrales in further studies, ensuring clarity and academic rigor in interdisciplinary communication.